Technical Cooperation Activities under TRIPS Art. 67. - View details of the document

World Trade Organization

This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to the positions of Members or to their rights and obligations under the WTO.

This document reports on the technical cooperation activities concerning TRIPS that were undertaken between 1 October 2019 and 30 September 2020 by the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It covers activities that specifically relate to intellectual property (IP) and the Agreement on Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), as well as contributions to other activities of a broader character, which have a significant IP or TRIPS component. It follows the previous report to the Council for TRIPS, contained in document IP/C/W/658, dated 4 October 2019. This cover note provides a general overview. More information on each activity is provided in Annex I.

 

1  MAIN ORIENTATIONS, TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS

  1. Technical cooperation activities, implemented by the WTO Secretariat under the aegis of TRIPS, have the objective of assisting Members and Observers to meet their developmental and other domestic policy objectives, such as innovation and industrial policy, health, regulatory aspects, competition policy and environmental protection, through the trade and IP regime, in line with their domestic circumstances and priority needs. These activities also have the objective of strengthening the capacity of Members to fully participate in the WTO's work on TRIPS matters and to make assessments on the issues under examination or review. 
  2. During the review period, the Secretariat's technical cooperation activities in relation to the TRIPS Agreement continued to focus on assisting Members and Observers to understand their rights and obligations under the Agreement.  Additionally, Members and Observers continued to receive tailored assistance regarding notifications and reviews of national legislation. Activities are essentially driven by demand from developing country and least developed country Members, as well as from governments preparing to accede to the WTO. 
  3. Among the more recent developments, since the entry into force of the Protocol Amending the TRIPS Agreement in January 2017, activities have increasingly focused on implementing the Protocol at the domestic level and supporting the utilization of the Special Compulsory Licensing System as an effective procurement tool to ensure access to affordable medicines. In July 2020, the Secretariat held a national workshop for Vanuatu which focused on the acceptance of the Protocol Amending the TRIPS Agreement and the Special Compulsory Licensing System. Further, in 2020, to foster the dialogue between developed and least-developed country Members, the Secretariat organized the second Workshop on the Implementation of Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement in which capital-based officials from LDCs and from developed country reporting Members participated together with Geneva-based delegates.
  4. Members and Observers have identified a wide range of challenges and interests related to IP and the TRIPS Agreement. Accordingly, technical cooperation activities have become increasingly more tailored to the specific needs of a Member or Observer, or region. The Secretariat has in response evolved an ever more holistic approach, recognizing the situation of the TRIPS Agreement and policy choices within the TRIPS framework as integral to the broader policy context, and calling on a wider range of expertise. The systematic incorporation of case studies in the curriculum of each activity supports this approach, as it focuses on finding practical solutions on current cross-cutting challenges.  Moreover, technical assistance addresses the practical needs of policymakers to understand the interface between the TRIPS Agreement and other WTO Agreements, such as Agriculture, Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS). In turn, this requires closer collaboration amongst different divisions in the Secretariat. The case studies delivered during the Regional Trade Policy Courses, Advanced Trade Policy Courses and the annual Workshop on Trade and Public Health – and the strong positive feedback received from participants, as well as the continuing high level of demand - confirm the successful implementation of this integrated and interdisciplinary approach.
  5. Throughout the period under review, technical cooperation on TRIPS continued to include training on TRIPS-related transparency mechanisms and monitoring. Following the February 2019 launch of the e-TRIPS Submission System, an online tool for WTO Members to submit notifications, review materials and reports related to the TRIPS Agreement, the Secretariat has provided on-demand training sessions regarding TRIPS transparency mechanisms and how to use the e-TRIPS Submission System. 
  6. The Secretariat was also invited to deliver TRIPS-related sessions in study programmes, training courses, seminars and workshops that were convened by a range of partners based in Geneva, in national capitals and in regional centres. 
  7. Complementarity and cooperation with other intergovernmental organizations continues to be ensured, as detailed below. A WTO Workshop on Trade and Public Health, organized in November 2019 in close collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Secretariats, for the benefit of a diverse group of public health, trade and IP officials, exemplifies this interdisciplinary and holistic approach, which is also evident in growing demand for cross-cutting capacity building in this area at the regional and national levels.

2  TECHNICAL COOPERATION RESOURCES

  1. The WHO, the WIPO and the WTO launched in July 2020 the second edition of the Trilateral Study, 'Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation: Intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade'.[1] Building on the first edition launched in 2013, the publication seeks to strengthen the understanding of the interplay between the distinct policy domains of health, trade and IP, and how they affect innovation and access to medical technologies, such as medicines, vaccines and medical devices. The second edition provides an improved, evidence-based foundation for policy debate and informed decision-making at a critical time for global health.  A COVID-19 section at the start of the publication provides a factual overview of the developments and measures taken to address the COVID-19 pandemic, which began after the work on the second edition of the study had been completed. It guides the reader to the parts of the Study that are of direct relevance to the issues that have been raised during the pandemic.
  2. In September 2020, the WTO launched the second edition of A Handbook on the TRIPS Agreement.[2] As a foundational resource for all TRIPS-related technical cooperation activities, the new edition includes an updated discussion of current TRIPS issues, both in the TRIPS Council and in other multilateral policy processes outside of the WTO; an expanded discussion of undisclosed information, unfair competition and anti-competitive practices; a revamped and updated guide to TRIPS transparency mechanisms which accounts for launch of e-TRIPS in 2019;  key findings from WTO panel and Appellate Body reports referencing the TRIPS Agreement; new TRIPS-related decisions since 2011 by the TRIPS Council and General Council; and new TRIPS-related decisions since 2011 by the Ministerial Conference.
  3. During the reporting period, the WIPO and the WTO jointly published the ninth and tenth editions of the WIPO-WTO Colloquium Papers, a series of peer-reviewed academic papers resulting from the WIPO-WTO Colloquium for IP Professors.[3] The series collates individual contributions by participants on the various subjects covered in the colloquium so that they can be shared with those who did not get the opportunity to attend the course, and help sustain the intellectual exchanges that characterize the programme. The series aims to stimulate analysis and debate on IP issues particularly of interest to developing country Members.
  4. The e-TRIPS Submission System, an optional online tool for WTO Members to submit notifications, review materials and reports related to the TRIPS Agreement, and the e-TRIPS Gateway, a database of the full range of TRIPS-related information managed by the Secretariat, continued to serve as key resources in technical cooperation activities involving TRIPS transparency mechanisms and monitoring.[4]

3  TRIPS-RELATED SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS, TRAINING COURSES AND OTHER TECHNICAL COOPERATION ACTIVITIES

  1. Marking 10 years of cooperation among the WTO, WHO and WIPO, in October 2019 the WTO hosted a technical symposium on Cutting-Edge Health Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges. The technical symposium discussed how scientific progress and advances in health technologies have contributed to unprecedented improvements in health outcomes. It also pointed to significant challenges such as the unequal distribution of gains in life expectancy and quality of life among low, middle and high-income countries, and the persisting inequities within countries. Among other topics, Panellists discussed needs-driven research, technological advances for specific diseases and the accessibility and affordability of new treatments.
  2. Since the February 2019 launch of the e-TRIPS Submission System, an online tool for WTO Members to submit notifications, review materials and reports related to the TRIPS Agreement, the WTO has held both informal ad hoc training sessions at Members' request. Further, the Secretariat held a training on TRIPS transparency mechanisms and the e-TRIPS Gateway in October 2019, and on TRIPS transparency requirements and the e-TRIPS Submission in July 2020. 
  3. The 15th WTO Trade and Public Health Workshop, organized in close collaboration with the Secretariats of the WHO and the WIPO, took place in November 2019. The Workshop covered various policy dimensions with an effect on public health and how these relate to provisions of WTO agreements alongside other relevant agreements and treaties. Thirty speakers from international organizations, the private sector and civil society shared their experience and facilitated interactive debates on cross-cutting themes linking trade agreements to topical issues, such as antimicrobial resistance and gene editing. Participants contributed actively to case studies over the course of the week and benefited from a field visit to the headquarters of a manufacturer of medical devices.
  4. A WTO Secretariat briefing session for new WTO delegates on the work and mission of the TRIPS Council was held in January 2020. The aim of the briefing was to help delegates prepare for TRIPS Council meetings and become familiarized with the various online tools available to receive, submit and access TRIPS-related information, including the e-TRIPS Submission System and e-TRIPS Gateway.
  5. In February 2020, the WTO held the second Workshop on the Implementation of Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement (incentives to transfer technology to LDCs) to which involved capital-based delegates from LDCs were invited. The Reports from developed countries, the transparency mechanism under Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement, priority areas of technological development in LDCs, projects relevant to those priority areas and LDC experience with projects reported under Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement were the primary focus of the Workshop.
  6. As in previous years, the WTO continued to hold its IP and Trade Policy Today Seminar series, with a seminar in November 2019 on gene-editing technologies, a seminar in February 2020 on the protection of non-traditional trademarks under international and comparative intellectual property law and a seminar in June 2020 on a new approach to internet platform liability for copyright infringement.
  7. The WTO also held a number of national TRIPS Workshops at the request of Members or Observers. In October 2019, a WTO TRIPS National Workshop in Belarus focused on IP issues in the context of Belarus' accession to the WTO. In January 2020, at the request of China, the WTO participated in the 2020 Forum on Global Trade, Technology Innovation and Intellectual Property in China. In July 2020, the WTO held a TRIPS National Workshop on the acceptance of the Protocol Amending the TRIPS Agreement and its implementation into domestic law took place at the request of Vanuatu.
  8. As done in previous years, in September 2020 the Secretariat held a briefing session which focused on the on the discussion on non-violation and situation complaints (NVSCs) in the context of the TRIPS Agreement and related topics, such as NVSCs under the GATT and in the WTO and NVSCs in regional trade agreements.

 

 

4  WTO TRADE-RELATED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE WITH A TRIPS COMPONENT

 

  1. The WTO Institute for Training and Technical Cooperation (ITTC) organizes many activities that include a significant TRIPS component. The two Advanced Trade Policy Courses that took place during the reporting period incorporated modules on selected TRIPS issues; a cross-cutting case study addressing trade, agriculture, SPS and IP policy; as well as a visit to the WIPO, which provided an opportunity for participants to learn about that Organization, its treaties and activities. The Secretariat provided a comprehensive module on the TRIPS Agreement as part of WTO Regional Trade Policy Courses, which were organized in partnership with the École nationale supérieure de statistique et d'économie appliquée in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and the University of International Business in Almaty, Kazakhstan. In addition, TRIPS-related components were included in a training programme for ITTC interns in the Netherlands Trainee Programme, the French-Irish mission internship programme and the Regional Coordinator Internship Programme, as well as in a training and induction week for the 2019-2020 cohort of WTO Young Professionals.
  2. WTO eLearning courses are the first step in the Progressive Learning Strategy  that has been implemented by the WTO.  Currently, the WTO offers four courses related to TRIPS on its eLearning platform: Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, as well as a Short Trip through TRIPS, Copyright in the WTO and Patents in the WTO. They were developed using modern pedagogical approaches and using instructional design methodologies. The learning material includes a wide variety of multimedia, interactive elements and exercises. From January to mid-September 2020, 430 participants had been accepted to take TRIPS eLearning courses. The WTO Secretariat also held two WTO ECampus Chat Sessions focused on TRIPS during the reporting period.
  3. WTO eLearning and ECampus courses are organized in English, French and Spanish all year round. Participants have online access to the course material, background documents, interactive sessions (webinars, chat sessions and discussion forum) as well as pre- and post-tests. Successful participants in the eLearning courses are awarded a certificate. They are assisted throughout the course by a trainer and a helpdesk. In the invitations to workshops and more advanced technical assistance activities on the TRIPS Agreement, the Secretariat has prioritised candidates having successfully completed the WTO TRIPS eLearning course.

5  COOPERATION WITH INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS

  1. The WTO Secretariat's technical cooperation in the area of TRIPS includes a wide range of coordination and cooperation with other intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), as well as other institutions.
  2. As provided for in the 1995 Cooperation Agreement between WIPO and WTO, cooperation between the two Organizations continues to be a key feature of TRIPS-related technical cooperation. The WIPO WTO Joint Initiative on Technical Cooperation for least developed countries, launched in June 2001, further strengthened this collaboration.
  3. Trilateral collaboration with WIPO and WHO in the field of IP and public health continues to foster a better understanding of the linkage between public health, IP and trade, more generally; and to enhance a mutually supportive implementation of the relevant policies in those areas. Work on public health matters regularly involves the participation of trilateral partners and other multilateral agencies in the context of the UN Interagency Task Force on Non-Communicable Diseases, for example. During the reporting period collaborative efforts of the WIPO, WHO and WTO culminated in the WHO-WIPO-WTO technical symposium on Cutting-Edge Health Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges which was opened by the Directors-General of the three organizations; the launch of the second edition of the Trilateral Study, 'Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation: Intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade (second edition)'; and ongoing work to update and revise a WHO-WIPO-WTO online course on Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation – Intersections between public health, intellectual property and trade, hosted on WIPO's eLearning Center and administered by WIPO as part of its portfolio of online courses.
  4. Partnerships with other key stakeholders have also been further developed, including the World Customs Organization (WCO), UNCTAD, the UNFCCC, UN OHCHR, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), UPOV, Interpol, regional organizations including the PAHO, the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) and the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI); as well as and a wide range of civil society and private sector associations, as well as experts from academia (notably regionally based experts drawn from the growing group of alumni from the Colloquium series).
  5. For example, the second IP & Innovation Researchers of Asia Conference, an activity which was jointly organized by the WIPO, the WTO, Universitas Indonesia, Texas A&M University and the University of Geneva was held in February 2020 in Jakarta, Indonesia. The Conference focused on empirical and analytical research from academics with a focus on IP law and policy issues in Asia, and in particular, challenges for policy makers in developing countries throughout the region. The 2020 Forum on Global Trade, Technology Innovation and Intellectual Property, co-organized by the WTO, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation (CAITEC) Intellectual Property Development and Research Center and the China National Intellectual Property Administration was held in January 2020. The Forum invited thirty leading experts from the WTO Secretariat, the WIPO China Office, European Union and Brazil Embassies in Beijing, Chinese IP courts, IP administrative authorities, foreign and domestic industries, consumer associations, and academia; and brought together approximately 210 policymakers, researchers, diplomats and industry leaders from across China. The programme covered a wide range of IPR issues arising from the platform economy which were significant for trade, innovation, consumer welfare and market access for SMEs. The WTO Secretariat also contributed upon invitation to activities including the WIPO-University of Geneva Summer School on IP, to the Confederation of Indian Industry and Intellectual's Society of Entrepreneurship and Research Development (ISERDIndia) International Trade and IPR Conference 2020 and to the China European Trade and IP Policy Dialogue Event.

 

 

 

 

 

[1] https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/who-wipo-wto_2020_e.htm.

[2] https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/ta_modules_e.htm.

[3] https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/colloquium_publication_e.htm.

[4] https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/etrips_e.htm.

List of programmes/projects

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# Title of programme or activity Start date Beneficiary Members or observers  
1 Technical Symposium on Cutting-Edge Health Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges 31/10/2019 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
2 WTO Trade and Public Health Workshop 11/11/2019 Botswana; Brazil; Chile; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Cuba; Ecuador; Jamaica; Kenya; Malawi; Maldives; Mauritius; Myanmar; Nepal; Nigeria; Oman; Philippines; Russian Federation; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Thailand; Togo; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Ukraine; Viet Nam
3 WTO Secretariat Briefing Session for New WTO Delegates on the Work and Mission of the TRIPS Council 28/01/2020 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
4 Workshop on the Implementation of Article 66.2 of the TRIPS Agreement (incentives to transfer technology to LDCs) 04/02/2020 Bangladesh; Burkina Faso; Cambodia; Chad; Djibouti; The Gambia; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malawi; Mali; Rwanda; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; Zambia
5 National Seminar on TRIPS Agreement 05/11/2019
6 TRIPS National Workshop for Vanuatu: The Acceptance of the TRIPS Amendment by Vanuatu and its Implementation into Domestic Law 16/07/2020 Vanuatu
7 TRIPS Transparency Webinars 16/07/2020 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
8 Forum on Global Trade, Technology Innovation, and Intellectual Property 14/01/2020 China
9 Second Intellectual Property and Innovation Researchers of Asia (IPIRA) Conference 27/02/2020
10 Secretariat Briefing on TRIPS Non-violation and Situation Complaints 03/09/2020 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
11 IP and Trade Policy Today: The New EU Approach to Internet Platform Liability for Copyright Infringement 16/06/2020 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
12 IP and Trade Policy Today: The Protection of Non-Traditional Trademarks under International and Comparative IP Law with a Focus on Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices 03/02/2020 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
13 ILO/ITC and WIPO Master of Laws in Intellectual Property 05/02/2020
14 IP and Trade Policy Today: Gene-Editing Technologies 12/11/2019 Afghanistan; Albania; Angola; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Bahrain, Kingdom of; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bolivia, Plurinational State of; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Denmark; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Estonia; Eswatini; European Union; Fiji; Finland; France; Gabon; The Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hong Kong, China; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait, the State of; Kyrgyz Republic; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lesotho; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macao, China; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; North Macedonia; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Suriname; Sweden; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Türkiye; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe