Injunctions There are two kinds of injunctions: the preliminary injunction and the permanent injunction. The preliminary injunction is a provisional measure, the detailed explanation of which is provided later in responses to Questions 10 to 13 (please refer to those sections for details). The court can prohibit the IPR infringers from infringing the right holder's right by ordering the infringers to stop the infringement, take preventive measures or to provide a security for compensation for damages if requested by the right holder. Copyright Act Article 91.1: Any person who has the copyright or other rights protected under this Act (excluding the rights to be compensated under Articles 65 and 68, hereinafter the same shall apply to this Article) may demand a person infringing his rights to suspend such act or demand a person likely to infringe his rights to take preventive measures or to provide a security for compensation for damages. (Computer Program Protection Act Article 25.1, Patent Act Article 126.1, Design Act Article 62.1, Trademark Act Article 65.1, Unfair Competition Prevention Act Articles 4.1 and 10.1, Seed Industry Act Article 84.1, Act on the Layout-Designs of Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Article 35.1, etc.). Compensation of damages Judges have the authority to order the infringer to pay the right holder damages to compensate for the damages suffered by the right holder because of the infringement. In calculating the damages, any profit gained by the infringer is presumed to be included in the amount of damages. The right holder may claim the amount equivalent to that which he could have earned by the ordinary exercise of his rights. Copyright Act Article 93: Paragraph (1): The owner of authors' economic right or other rights protected under this Act (excluding authors' moral rights), (hereinafter referred to as "owner of authors' economic rights, etc.") may claim compensation for damages from a person who has infringed his rights intentionally or negligently. Paragraph (2): If the owner of authors' economic rights, etc. claims compensation under Paragraph (1), the amount of profits obtained by the infringer from his infringement shall be presumed to be the amount of damages suffered by the owner of authors' economic rights, etc. Paragraph (3): The owner of authors' property rights, etc. may claim an amount of compensation for damages as referred to in Paragraph (2), or an amount of compensation for damages corresponding to the ordinary amount of money which would be received through the exercise of these rights. (Computer Program Protection Act Article 27, Patent Act Article 128, Design Act Article 64, Trademark Act Article 67, Unfair Competition Prevention Act Articles 5 and 11, Seed Industry Act Article 86, Act on the Layout-Designs of Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Article 36, etc.). Expenses In the CCP, there are several provisions regulating the burden of expenses (Articles 89 to 106). CCP Article 89 (Principle of Imposition of Costs of Suit). The costs of a suit shall be borne by the defeated party. Destruction or other disposal of infringing goods and materials/implements for their production and any other remedies necessary to prevent the infringement Upon the request of the right holder, a judge can order the destruction of the articles made by the infringement, the removal of the equipment used for the infringement, and any other measures necessary for the prevention of further infringement. Copyright Act Article 91.3: In the cases of Paragraphs (1) and (2), or in the case where a criminal indictment under this Act has been filed, on request of a plaintiff or accuser, the court may, with or without imposing a security, issue an order to temporarily suspend the act of infringement, or seize the objects made by the act of infringement, or to take other necessary measures. (Computer Program Protection Act Article 25.2, Patent Act Article 126.2, Design Act Article 62.2, Trademark Act Article 65.2, Unfair Competition Prevention Act Articles 4.2 and 10.2, Seed Industry Act Article 84.2, Act on the Layout-Designs of Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Article 35.2, etc.). Proper measures to restore the credit and reputation of the right holder Under the Patent Act, the patent holder can require the infringer to take proper measures to restore the credit and reputation lost or damaged because of the infringer (Patent Act Article 131). And there are similar provisions in other IPR related Acts. Patent Act Article 131: Upon the request of a patentee or exclusive licensee, the court may, in lieu of damages or in addition thereto, order the person who has injured the business reputation of the patentee or exclusive licensee by intentionally or negligently infringing the patent right or exclusive license to take necessary measures to restore the business reputation of the said patentee or exclusive licensee. (Copyright Act Article 95, Design Act Article 66, Trademark Act Article 69, Unfair Competition Prevention Act Articles 6 and 12, Seed Industry Act Article 88).